Type of Surgery
Information
Last updated: 11/24/2009
- Image-guided endoscopic surgery. This method uses image guidance techniques that feature a three-dimensional mapping system combining CT scanning and real-time data acquisition concerning the location of the surgical instruments during...
the procedure. It allows surgeons to navigate more precisely in the affected area. The surgeon can monitor the exact location of such vital organs as the brain and eyes as well as positively identifying the affected areas. - Caldwell-Luc procedure. This procedure is directed at improving drainage in the maxillary sinus region located below the eye. The surgeon reaches the region through the upper jaw above one of the second molars. He or she creates a passage to connect the maxillary sinus to the nose in order to improve drainage.
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During endoscopic sinus surgery, a doctor uses an endoscope to view the inner cavities of the nose (A and B). Using special instruments, the doctor opens the sinuses to alleviate problems with sinusitis (C and D). (Illustration by GGS Inc.)
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Other Information
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that opens up sinus air cells and sinus ostia (openings) with an endoscope.
The use of FESS as a sinus surgical method has now become widely accepted; and the term "functional" is meant to distinguish this type of endoscopic surgery from nonendoscopic, more conventional sinus surgery procedures.
Purpose
The purpose of FESS is to restore normal drainage of the sinuses. Normal function of the sinuses requires ventilation through the ostia (mouth-like opening) and is facilitated by a mucociliary transport process that maintains a constant flow of mucus out of the sinuses. All sinuses need ventilation to prevent infection and inflammation, a condition known as sinusitis. In healthy individuals, sinus ventilation occurs through the ostia into the nose. The sinuses open into the middle meatus (curved passage in each nasal cavity) under the middle turbinate (thin, bony process that is the lower portion of the ethmoid bone in each nasal cavity), which together are known as the osteomeatal complex, the key area of the nose. The hair-like cilia direct the flow of mucus toward the ostia.
Other Information
Mastoidectomy is done to make the ear safe, since infection in the skull may be dangerous and can cause infection in and around the brain. With this procedure we hope to make the ear dry and possibly improve the hearing.
-P H Jones
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