Type of Surgery
Information
Last updated: 02/17/2009
BOOKS
"Congenital Anomalies: Chromosomal Abnormalities." Section 19, Chapter 261 in The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, edited by Mark H. Beers, MD, and Robert Berkow, MD. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research...
Laboratories, 1999.
"Congenital Anomalies: Renal and Genitourinary Defects." Section 19, Chapter 261 in The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, edited by Mark H. Beers, MD, and Robert Berkow, MD. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories, 1999.
"Drugs in Pregnancy." Section 18, Chapter 249 in The MerckManual of Diagnosis and Therapy, edited by Mark H. Beers, MD, and Robert Berkow, MD. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories, 1999.
"Infertility: Sperm Disorders." Section 18, Chapter 245 in TheMerck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, edited by Mark H. Beers, MD, and Robert Berkow, MD. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories, 1999.
PERIODICALS
Baskin, Laurence S. "Hypospadias, Anatomy, Embryology, and Reconstructive Techniques."Brazilian Journal of Urology 26 (November-December 2000): 621โ629.
Fredell, L., et al. "Complex Segregation Analysis of Hypospadias."Human Genetics 111 (September 2002): 231โ234.
Greenfield, S. P. "Two-Stage Repair for Proximal Hypospadias: A Reappraisal."Current Urology Reports 4 (April 2003): 151-155.
Hendren, W. H. "Construction of a Female Urethra Using the Vaginal Wall and a Buttock Flap: Experience with 40 Cases."Journal of Pediatric Surgery 33 (February 1998): 180โ187.
Hughes, I. A., et al. "Reduced Birth Weight in Boys with Hypospadias: An Index of Androgen Dysfunction?"Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition 87 (September 2002): F150โF151.
Klip, H., et al. "Hypospadias in Sons of Women Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol in Utero: A Cohort Study."Lancet 359 (March 30, 2002): 1102โ1107.
Meizner, I., et al. "The 'Tulip Sign': A Sonographic Clue for In-Utero Diagnosis of Severe Hypospadias."Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 19 (March 2002): 250โ253.
ORGANIZATIONS
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). 141 Northwest Point Boulevard, Elk Grove Village, IL 60007. (847) 434-4000.
American Board of Urology (ABU). 2216 Ivy Road, Suite 210, Charlottesville, VA 22903. (434) 979-0059.
American Urological Association (AUA). 1120 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. (410) 727-1100.
Society for Pediatric Urology (SPU). C/o HealthInfo, 870 East Higgins Road, Suite 142, Schaumburg, IL 60173.
OTHER
Centers for Disease Control Press Release. HypospadiasTrends in Two U.S. Surveillance Systems [cited April 24, 2003].
Gatti, John M., Andrew Kirsch, and Howard M. Snyder III. "Hypospadias."eMedicine. January 31, 2003 [cited April 25, 2003].
Santanelli, Fabio and Francesca R. Grippaudo. "Urogenital Reconstruction, Penile Hypospadias."eMedicine. November 6, 2002 [cited April 24, 2003].
Silver, Richard I. "Recent Research Topics in Hypospadias."Society for Pediatric Urology Newsletter 1 (October 1999).
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Other Information
Definition:
Hypospadias repair is surgery to correct a birth defect in boys in which the urethra does not properly exit the tip of the penis.
For information on the condition itself, see: Hypospadias.
Description:
The surgery is done while the child is under general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free). The type of repair depends on the severity of the defect. Mild defects may be repaired in a one procedure, while severe defects may require two or more procedures.
A small piece of foreskin, or tissue from another site, can be used to create a tube to extend the length of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that releases urine from the body. Extending the length allows an opening to be placed at the tip of the penis.
Circumcision should not be performed at birth in boys with hypospadias, so that the foreskin can later be used for the repair.
Other Information
In 2000, the estimated number of hospital admissions among adults aged 18 or older with urinary incontinence listed as a diagnosis was of 47,802 hospital stays (1,332 men; 46,470 women).
From: NKUDIC
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