During a lung transplant, the chest is opened to reveal the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels (A). Inferior and superior pulmonary veins and pulmonary artery are separated, and lung is removed (B). The bronchus of the donor lung is connected to the patient's existing bronchus (C). The pulmonary artery is attached (D), and the pulmonary vein and other blood vessels are also connected (E). (Illustration by GGS Inc.)