Type of Surgery
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Last updated: 11/24/2009
A peripheral vascular bypass, also called a lower extremity bypass, is the surgical rerouting of blood flow around an obstructed artery that supplies blood to the legs and feet. This surgery is performed when the buildup of fatty deposits (plaque)...
in an artery has blocked the normal flow of blood that carries oxygen and nutrients to the lower extremities. Bypass surgery reroutes blood from above the obstructed portion of an artery to another vessel below the obstruction.
A bypass surgery is named for the artery that will be bypassed and the arteries that will receive the rerouted blood. The three common peripheral vascular bypass surgeries are:
- Aortobifemoral bypass surgery, which reroutes blood from the abdominal aorta to the two femoral arteries in the groin.
- Femoropopliteal bypass (fem-pop bypass) surgery, which reroutes blood from the femoral artery to the popliteal arteries above or below the knee.
- Femorotibial bypass surgery, which reroutes blood between the femoral artery and the tibial artery.
A substitute vessel or graft must be used in bypass surgeries to reroute the blood. The graft may be a healthy segment of the patient's own saphenous vein (autogenous graft), a vein that runs the entire length of the thigh. A synthetic graft may be used if the patient's saphenous vein is not healthy or long enough, or if the vessel to be bypassed is a larger artery that cannot be replaced by a smaller vein.
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This animation describes percutaneous coronary interventions or PCIs. This procedure actually encompasses a number of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as angioplasty or balloon angioplasty. As the video describes, a catheter is inserted into the blood vessels and maneuvered into placed at the diseased portion of the coronary artery. A small balloon is inflated which opens the blocked artery. In most cases a coronary artery stent is left at the site to hold open the coronary artery.
In this femoropopliteal bypass, a portion of the saphenous vein can be removed and used to bypass a portion of a diseased artery. To accomplish this, an incision is made down the inside of the leg (A). The saphenous vein is tied off from its tributaries and removed (B). An incision is made in the recipient artery (C), and the vein is stitched to it at the top and bottom of the leg (D). (Illustration by GGS Inc.)
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A peripheral vascular bypass, also called a lower extremity bypass, is the surgical rerouting of blood flow around an obstructed artery that supplies blood to the legs and feet. This surgery is performed when the buildup of fatty deposits (plaque) in an artery has blocked the normal flow of blood that carries oxygen and nutrients to the lower extremities. Bypass surgery reroutes blood from above the obstructed portion of an artery to another vessel below the obstruction.
From http://www.answers.com/topic/peripheral-vascular-bypass-surgery
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In the United States, 74.2 percent of heart transplantation patients are male, 68.4 percent are white, 24.7 percent are younger than age 35, 20.0 percent are ages 35–49, and 55.3 percent are age 50 or older.
From: American Heart Association
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